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Appendix
All definitions from Surveillance Case Definitions, National Health and Medical Research Council, March 1994, except those marked * which are draft summary definitions from the Communicable Diseases Network Australia (January 2001). Some Australian States and Territories have their own case definitions for some diseases, which may vary from those shown here.Appendix 1a. Case definitions and mapping to ICD-10 code for notifiable diseases reported to NNDSS in 2000, bloodborne diseases
Disease |
Case definition (NHMRC 1994) |
ICD-10 code(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Hepatitis B (incident) | Demonstration of documented seroconversion to hepatitis B | B16 |
| Hepatitis B (unspecified) | HBsAg positive AND either: anti-HBcIgM positive or demonstration of a clinical illness consistent with acute viral hepatitis (jaundice, elevated aminotransferases) |
B18.0, B18.1 |
| Hepatitis C (incident) | Demonstration of documented seroconversion to hepatitis C | B17.1 |
| Hepatitis C (unspecified) | Demonstration of anti-hepatitis C positive or hepatitis C PCR positive AND a clinical illness consistent with acute viral hepatitis AND is not an acute case of hepatitis A, B, or D |
B18.2 |
| Hepatitis D* | Positive for anti-hepatitis D virus (HDV) or HDV Ag or seroconversion or rise in IgG in serum or liver AND HBsAg OR anti-HBc negative |
B17.0, B16.1, B18.0 |
| Hepatitis (NEC) | Any other viral hepatitis not classified here | B17.8 |
Appendix 1b. Case definitions and mapping to ICD-10 code for notifiable diseases reported to NNDSS in 2000, gastrointestinal diseases
Disease |
Case definition (NHMRC 1994) |
ICD-10 code(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Botulism | A clinically compatible illness (diplopia, blurred vision, muscle weakness, paralysis or bulbar palsy) with a history of exposure to a probable food source in the absence of a contaminated wound AND one of the following: isolation of Clostridium botulinum from faeces or other clinical specimens, or detection of C. botulinum toxin in serum, faeces or probable food source, or epidemiological linkage to other cases of confirmed foodborne botulism |
AO5.1 |
| Campylobacteriosis | Isolation of Campylobacter species from a clinical specimen | AO4.5 |
| Haemolytic uraemic syndrome | Acute microangiopathic anaemia on peripheral blood smear AND acute renal impairment AND/OR thrombocytopaenia |
D59.3 |
| Hepatitis A | Anti-HAV IgM positive in the absence of recent vaccination OR demonstration of a clinical case of hepatitis (jaundice and/or elevated aminotransferase levels) without a non-infectious cause |
B15 |
| Hepatitis E* | A person who demonstrates anti-HEV IgM in sera collected less than 4 weeks after onset of acute hepatitis OR IgG seroconversion in paired sera OR HEV identified by nucleic acid test OR HEV identified by electron microscopy on stool OR a hepatitis-like illness in the absence of other causes of hepatitis and detection of antibodies to HEV |
B17.2 |
| Listeriosis | Isolation of Listeria monocytogenes from a site which is normally sterile, including foetal gastrointestinal contents | A32 |
| Salmonellosis | Isolation of Salmonella species (excluding S. Typhi ) from any clinical specimen | AO2 |
| Shigellosis | Isolation of Shigella species from any clinical specimen | AO3 |
| SLTEC, VTEC* | A person with bloody diarrhoea or HUS from whom in a clinical specimen: Shiga-toxin producing E. coli are isolated OR isolation of Shiga toxin from an E. coli isolate OR identification of the gene associated with the production of Shiga toxin in E. coli |
A4.1, A4.4 |
| Typhoid | Isolation of Salmonella Typhi or S. Paratyphi serotype A, B, or C from any clinical specimen | AO1.0 |
| Yersiniosis | Isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica or Y. pseudotuberculosis from blood or faeces OR detection of circulating antigen by ELISA or agglutination test OR positive Yersinia serology in the presence of clinical compatible illness |
AO4.6 |
Top of pageAppendix 1c. Case definitions and mapping to ICD-10 code for notifiable diseases reported to NNDSS in 2000, quarantinable diseases
Disease |
Case definition (NHMRC 1994) |
ICD-10 code(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Cholera | An illness characterised by diarrhoea and/or vomiting AND isolation of toxigenic Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 or O139 from a clinical sample |
AO0 |
| Plague | A fourfold or greater change in serum antibody titre for Yersinia pestis OR isolation of Yersinia pestis from a clinical specimen |
A20 |
| Rabies | Clinically compatible neurological illness AND either detection of viral antigens in tissue or isolation of rabies virus from saliva, skin snips, CSF or neural tissue |
A82 |
| Viral haemorrhagic fever | Sudden or insidious onset of fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, multifocal haemorrhages and shock. An appropriate travel history to an endemic country is supportive of diagnosis AND one of the following: demonstration of specific IgM antibody by ELISA, IFA or Western blot or isolation of the virus in cell culture or demonstration of viral antigen in a tissue specimen to Ebola virus, Lassa fever virus, Marburg virus or Crimean Congo virus. |
A96, A98, A99 |
| Yellow fever | A clinically compatible illness AND demonstration of yellow fever virus, antigen or genome in any clinical specimen OR a fourfold or greater change in serum antibody titre to yellow fever virus, OR a single elevated yellow fever specific IgM antibody titre, where cross-reaction with other flaviviruses has been ruled out and the patient has not received yellow fever vaccine during the previous 2 months |
A95 |
Appendix 1d. Case definitions and mapping to ICD-10 code for notifiable diseases reported to NNDSS in 2000, sexually transmissible infections
Disease |
Case definition (NHMRC 1994) |
ICD-10 code(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Chancroid | Isolation of Haemophilus ducreyi from a clinical specimen OR a clinically compatible illness characterised by painful genital ulceration and inflammatory inguinal adenopathy, where syphilis, granuloma inguinale and herpes simplex have been excluded OR a clinically compatible illness in a patient who is epidemiologically linked to a laboratory confirmed case |
A57 |
| Chlamydial infection | Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from a clinical (genital) specimen OR demonstration of Chlamydia trachomatis in a clinical (genital) specimen by antigen detection methods |
A56 |
| Donovanosis | Demonstration of intracytoplasmic Donovan bodies on Wright or Giemsa stained smears or biopsies of clinical specimens OR a clinically compatible illness characterised by usually painless, beefy red, granulomatous or ulcerative lesions with rolled edges and a tendency to form scar tissue, where syphilis has been excluded |
A58 |
| Gonococcal infection | Isolation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from a clinical specimen | A54 |
| Lymphogranuloma venereum | Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis serotypeL1, L2 or L3 from a clinical specimen OR demonstration (by immunofluorescence) of inclusion bodies in leucocytes aspirated from an inguinal lymph node (bubo) OR a positive serological test for lymphogranuloma venereum strain of Chlamydia trachomatis in the presence of a clinically compatible illness (one or more tender, fluctuant inguinal lymph nodes or characteristic proctogenital lesions) |
A55 |
| Syphilis | A compatible clinical illness or past history AND demonstration of Treponema pallidum by darkfield, fluorescent antibody or equivalent microscopic methods OR reactive treponemal tests (e.g.: FTA-ABS, TPHA) |
A50, A51, A52 |
Top of pageAppendix 1e. Case definitions and mapping to ICD-10 code for notifiable diseases reported to NNDSS in 2000, vaccine preventable diseases
Disease |
Case definition (NHMRC 1994) |
ICD-10 code(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Diphtheria | Isolation of toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae AND pharyngitis and/or laryngitis (with or without a membrane OR toxic (cardiac or neurological) symptoms |
A36 |
| Haemophilus influenzae type B | An invasive clinically compatible illness (meningitis, epiglottitis, cellulitis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, pericarditis or septicaemia) AND either the isolation of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) from blood or detection of Hib antigen (in a clinical case) or detection of Gram-negative bacteria where the organism fails to grow in a clinical case |
A41.3, GO0.0, JO5.1 |
| Measles | An illness characterised by all the following features: a generalised maculopapular rash lasting three or more days AND a fever (at least 38oC) AND cough or coryza or conjunctivitis or Koplik spots OR Demonstration of measles specific IgM antibody OR A fourfold or greater change in measles antibody titre between acute and convalescent-phase sera obtained at least 2 weeks apart, with tests preferably conducted at the same laboratory OR Isolation of the measles virus from a clinical specimen OR A clinically compatible case epidemiologically related to another case |
BO5 |
| Mumps | Isolation of mumps virus from a clinical specimen OR significant rise in mumps antibody level by any standard serological assay, except following immunisation OR a clinically compatible illness (unilateral or bilateral swelling of the parotid or other salivary glands lasting 2 days or more without other apparent cause) |
B26 |
| Pertussis | Isolation of Bordetella pertussis from a clinical specimen OR elevated Bordetella pertussis-specific IgA in serum or B. pertussis antigen in a nasopharyngeal specimen using immunofluorescence with a history of clinically compatible illness |
A37 |
| Poliomyelitis | Acute onset of a flaccid paralysis of one or more limbs with decreased or absent tendon reflexes in the affected limbs without other apparent cause, without sensory or cognitive loss | A80 |
| Rubella | A generalised maculopapular rash and fever AND one or more of: arthralgia/arthritis or lymphadenopathy or conjunctivitis AND an epidemiological link to a confirmed case OR demonstration of rubella-specific IgM antibody, except following immunisation OR a fourfold or greater change in rubella antibody titre between acute and convalescent-phase sera obtained at least 2 weeks apart |
BO6 |
| Tetanus | A clinically compatible illness without other apparent cause, with or without a history of injury and with or without laboratory evidence of the organism or its toxin | A33 |
Appendix 1f. Case definitions and mapping to ICD-10 code for notifiable diseases reported to NNDSS in 2000, vectorborne diseases
Disease |
Case definition (NHMRC 1994) |
ICD-10 code(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Arbovirus infection (NEC) | Demonstration of a fourfold or greater change in serum antibody titres between acute and convalescent-phase serum specimens obtained at least 2 weeks apart and preferable, conducted at the same laboratory OR demonstration of specific IgM antibodies in CSF or acute phase serum OR isolation of virus from blood, CSF or tissue specimens |
A92, A93, A94 |
| Barmah Forest virus infection | Demonstration of above criteria for Barmah Forest virus | A92.8 |
| Ross River virus infection | Demonstration of criteria above for Arbovirus infection for Ross River virus | B33.1 |
| Dengue | Demonstration of above criteria for dengue virus (all types) | A90 |
| Malaria | Demonstration of malaria parasites (Plasmodium species) in a blood film | B50, B51, B52, B53 |
Top of pageAppendix 1g. Case definitions and mapping to ICD-10 code for notifiable diseases reported to NNDSS in 2000, zoonoses
Disease |
Case definition (NHMRC 1994) |
ICD-10 code(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Brucellosis | Isolation of Brucella species from a clinical specimen OR a fourfold or greater change in Brucella agglutination titres or complement-fixation titres between acute and convalescent-phase serum samples at least 2 weeks apart with the tests preferably conducted at the same laboratory |
A23 |
| Hydatid infection | Positive serological test for infection with Echinococcus granulosus in a patient with clinical, radiological or sonographic evidence of hydatid disease OR identification of Echinococcus granulosus in cyst fluid or sputum OR immunoelectrophoresis demonstrating arc 5 or three or more arcs |
A28 |
| Leptospirosis | Isolation of Leptospira species from clinical specimens OR a fourfold or greater change in Leptospira agglutination titres or complement-fixation titres between acute and convalescent-phase serum samples at least 2 weeks apart with the tests preferably conducted at the same laboratory OR demonstration of leptospiral antigen in a clinical specimen OR a single raised Leptospira agglutination titre with a clinically compatible illness |
A27 |
| Ornithosis (psittacosis)* | A clinically compatible illness (fever, headache, myalgia, dry cough, pneumonia) AND a fourfold or greater rise in serum antibody titres to Chlamydia psittaci between acute and convalescent phase sera OR detection of C. psittaci by nucleic acid test OR a single high titre of IgG to C psittaci after the onset of a clinically compatible illness and where other diseases are excluded |
A70 |
| Q fever | A fourfold or greater change in serum (CF) antibody titre to phase II antigen of Coxiella burnetii OR a fourfold or greater change in ELISA antibody titre to phase I or II antigens of C. burnetii OR an IgM fluorescent antibody titre of at least 1:160 during convalescent phase of the illness (i.e.: 10 days or more after onset) |
A78 |
Appendix 1h. Case definitions and mapping to ICD-10 code for notifiable diseases reported to NNDSS in 2000, other bacterial infections
Disease |
Case definition (NHMRC 1994) |
ICD-10 code(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Legionellosis | A clinically compatible illness (fever, cough or pneumonia) AND at least one of the following: isolation of Legionella species from lung tissues, respiratory secretions, pleural fluid, blood or other tissues OR demonstration of Legionella species antigens in lung tissue, respiratory secretions or pleural fluid OR a fourfold or greater rise in (IFA) titre against Legionella species to at least 128, between acute and convalescent phase sera OR a stable high Legionella titre (at least 512) in convalescent phase serum |
A48.1 |
| Leprosy | Enlarged dermal nerves with associated sensory loss OR demonstration of acid-fast bacilli or biopsy specimen OR a histological picture compatible with leprosy in a specimen |
A30 |
| Meningococcal infection | Isolation of Neisseria meningitidis from a normally sterile site OR detection of meningococcal antigen in joints, blood or CSF OR detection of Gram-negative intracellular diplococci in blood or CSF |
A39 |
| Tuberculosis | Isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, or Mycobacterium africanum from a clinical specimen OR demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in a clinical specimen or in a histopathological lesion, when culture is not available, in a person with signs or symptoms compatible with tuberculosis OR evidence of resolution of disease where treatment with two or more anti-tuberculosis medications have been prescribed and follow-up has been instigated |
A15, A16, A17, A18, A19 |
Top of pageAppendix 2. Completeness of National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System data received from States and Territories, 2000
Field |
ACT | NSW | NT | Qld | SA | Tas | Vic | WA | Aust |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. missing age | 0 |
12 |
51 |
0 |
107 |
8 |
150 |
12 |
340 |
| % complete for age | 100.0 |
100.0 |
98.5 |
100.0 |
98.3 |
99.5 |
99.3 |
99.9 |
99.6 |
| No. missing sex | 3 |
64 |
13 |
3 |
1 |
6 |
307 |
23 |
420 |
| % complete for sex | 99.8 |
99.7 |
99.6 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
99.6 |
98.5 |
99.8 |
99.5 |
| No. missing Indigenous status | 567 |
16,727 |
331 |
18,829 |
966 |
1,251 |
18,669 |
3,896 |
61,236 |
| % complete for indigenous status | 56.7 |
31.2 |
90.5 |
9.3 |
84.8 |
23.6 |
9.1 |
65.8 |
31.8 |
Appendix 3. Population totals for States and Territories, 2000*
| ACT | NSW | NT | Qld | SA | Tas | Vic | WA | Aust |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
314,036 |
6,463,455 |
195,463 |
3,566,357 |
1,497,634 |
470,376 |
4,765,856 |
1,883,860 |
19,157,037 |
* Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics mid-year population estimates
This article was published in Communicable Diseases Intelligence Volume 26, No 2, June 2002
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Communicable Diseases Surveillance
CDI Vol 26, No 2, June 2002
NNDSS Annual report 2000
- NNDSS Table of contents
- Abstract
- Lists - Tables, Figures, Maps
- Abbreviations
- Year in Review
- Introduction
- Methods
- Notes on Interpretation
- Results
- Bloodborne diseases
- Gastroinestinal diseases
- Quarantinable diseases
- Sexually transmissible infections
- Vaccine preventable diseases
- Vectorborne diseases
- Zoonoses
- Other diseases
- Other Surveillance
- Appendices
- References
Communicable Diseases Intelligence